My 2016 Christmas Card: Reimagining a CGI image by photographing 3D printed models

Every year since 1995 I’ve created my own computer rendered Christmas cards using the Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer also known as POV-Ray. Each year it’s been a challenge to come up with something new and different. Last year finding myself totally clueless as to what to do, I decided to recycle and update the previous year’s card. Last year’s card was a revised version of my 1997 Mary and Child card which was probably my favorite and the favorite of many friends and family. Note you can click on any of the images in this blog to see larger versions.

With the exception of 2013 in which I used a background photograph to complete the image, all of my cards have been 100% CGI rendered using POV-Ray. As it turned out the use of that photograph led to a lawsuit which is a whole other story. I’m pleased to report lawsuit was successfully settled out of court and I will chronicle that particular story elsewhere at a later time.

Step into the Real World

Because the figures and objects in my Christmas cards have all been rendered objects. They’ve never before existed in the real world. I’ve always wondered what some of these figures would look like if they could step from the virtual world of CGI into the material world. A year and a half ago as a 60th birthday present to myself I purchased a Printrbot Metal Plus 3D printer. One of the first things I tried to do with it was to print one of the figures from my Christmas cards. Specifically I wanted to create the Archangel Gabriel which is loosely modeled after the logo for my church St. Gabriel the Archangel Catholic Church in Indianapolis. Unfortunately POV-Ray will not export its files in a format capable of being used by 3D printer. The project went on the back shelf for quite some time until earlier this year I dove headlong into the issue of converting POV-Ray files into something 3D printable. I was able to come up with a technique that works and I’ve already described that in these articles.

Converting POV-Ray Shapes to Triangle Mesh for 3-D Printing

3-D Printing a POV-Ray Model

When it came time to do the 2016 card, obviously I was going to have to recycle one of my old designs like I did in 2015 but I decided to do something different. If we were going to reimagine an earlier card let’s go back to the beginning with that first 1995 card shown here.

This image has two of the St. Gabriel angels, the star of Bethlehem, and the little town of Bethlehem itself in the distance. I previously chronicled how I design and rendered the St. Gabriel angels as seen here.

It All Started with the St. Gabriel Logo

And how I did the 1995 card as seen here.

My First Ray Traced Computer Graphic Christmas Card 1995

What if I took a couple of my 3D printed angels which had finally come to life and photographed them in a real world re-creation of that very first CGI card? I wasn’t sure I would be able to pull it off and I held out the possibility that I might have to scrap the idea altogether and do something traditionally CGI. But I forged ahead and attempt to re-create a physical version of that 1995 card.

Printing the Parts

I had already successfully 3D printed an angel but while gluing together the face and head of the model we got them at slightly the wrong angle. I also wasn’t satisfied with the paint that we used for the skin tone of the face and for the gold color on the trumpet. I made the decision to 3D print 2 more complete Angel models. It took just over six hours each to print the two angels. The wings, body, hair, face, and trumpet are all printed as separate pieces and then glued together.

I should note that the halo on the angel in the CGI version is really just a glowing ball of gas. I did some experimentation with how to make physical representation of that halo but it just look like a big yellow Green Bay Packers football helmet no matter what I did. I made this sort of executive decision to just ignore the halo.

Apart from the angels there are three other objects in the original image. We have the little town of Bethlehem, the star, and the text message “Emmanuel — God with Us”. I also needed to somehow come up with a physical representation from the desert floor and the sky in the background.

After printing two brand-new copies of the angels, I next tackled the town because it was relatively straightforward. It consisted of nothing but boxes and spheres arranged to look like buildings inside a walled city. There is an arched doorway to one side through which you can see a courtyard. I simply re-created these objects using Blender 3D CAD software rather than try to export from POV-Ray. The rendered version uses a dark gray texture with a yellow indent inserted into the windows of the buildings to make them look like there were lights inside. I didn’t have any yellow plastic but I did have orange so I decided to print the town in orange and then paint it dark gray hoping to leave the windows unpainted with the orange plastic shining through. If I didn’t like the looks of that or was unable to keep the gray paint out of the indents for the windows, I had also purchased some yellow paint that I thought we could dab inside the windows with a toothpick. Below are some images of the unpainted and painted versions. I decided to stick with the orange windows.

I had to decide what to do about the text. I could just take the photograph of the angels and the city and then use photo editing to superimpose the text over it. But that seems like cheating if I was trying to re-create the image in the physical world. I tried 3D printing the text directly onto the build plate with some thin strands of plastic connecting the letters. But when you are printing very small parts such as those individual letters, it’s hard to get good adhesion to the build plate and you end up with globs of gooey plastic balling up around the nozzle. I decided I had to print a background plate with the letters on top of it.

Because I do not have a dual extrusion printer I had to set it up so that it printed the plate in a dark brown plastic, then paused while I changed the filament, and then continued to print the letters in a different color in this case white. Unfortunately the Printrbot Metal Plus does not have an LCD control panel or any kind of physical controls. Therefore the typical methods of pausing and resuming a print in the middle don’t work. I will do a completely separate blog post from a technical standpoint on how I managed to get the pause and resume to work. Here’s a photo of the text plate that we printed.

The most difficult part of this project was trying to print the star of Bethlehem. Again I could have copped out and superimposed the star using photo editing software but I really wanted to make a physical 3D printed representation of the star with the rays of light radiating from it as it did in the original image. Again the problem is it’s very difficult to get very thin pieces of plastic to adhere to the build plate. Although I’ve had my printer a year and a half I still wasn’t satisfied with my techniques for getting parts to stick. My method of choice was to put Elmer’s glue stick on top of the Kapton tape that is on the build plate. I used 70° C heat on the plate.

We must’ve tried 10 different times to print the star and it just wasn’t going to work. Finally I came up with the idea of printing the star without the rays and then printing some strips of plastic that we would use as rays that we would glue down in a radiating pattern around the original star. In order to get the strips to print, I anchored them at each end. Here’s what that looked like.

After I had this contingency available, I decided to go back to my original plan to print the rays and the star in one unit. However this time I decided to put a small disc at the end of each ray to anchor it to the build plate in the same way that that bar across the printed rays helped them print. It still took two or three attempts because we didn’t get the glue spread all the way into the corners at the exact proper place but eventually we did get the entire star with the rays printed as a single unit filling almost the entire 10 x 10″ build plate. Shown in this image on the right we had to put it on a diagonal because that longest ray is more than the 10 inch width of the plate. We later cut the discs off the tips of the rays. Here’s the results.

Building a Background

Finally I had to figure out what to do for the sky background and the desert floor. The original images depicted the sky using a gradient color of dark blue to black with a sprinkling of small stars randomly scattered throughout. I considered the possibility of printing out a star pattern and taping it to a piece of cardboard for a backdrop. However my dad found an old piece of dark blue poster board that looked pretty good so I decided to use it and forgo any other stars other than the Bethlehem star. We used glue stick to stick the star to the poster board. We had to reposition it several times and sometimes the rays tended to droop a little but I didn’t care. It looked pretty good. We taped the poster board to the lid of a cardboard box and fastened it to the table using a C clamp.

Speaking of the table, I was going to set it up on my dining room table and use the oak wood grain as a dark brown surface to represent the ground. I also tried some brown placemats that normally sit on my dining room table but none of these surfaces appealed to me in test photographs. Because I wanted to be able to visualize the camera angles and adjust the lighting, I decided to set up the scene on a hospital bed table that I have. I used to use it in my bedroom when I needed my laptop in front of me on my bed. These days my laptop is connected into my bedroom TV and I’ve not used the tray table in a long time. It was a good choice because it was big enough, it had a brown surface, and the height was adjustable which let me eyeball the camera angles. We could also roll it around the dining room so that the ceiling lights and other room lights as well as light coming in the windows would hit the scene at various angles.

In the end, the fake wood texture on the table didn’t look right for the floor either. I needed some brown cloth and it turns out I have an ordinary brown cotton T-shirt that was just right. We slipped it over the end of the table and set all of the pieces on top of it. Here is a photo that shows my set up with my digital camera sitting on a tiny tabletop tripod.

Note that in the original image the angels are hovering over the city. I needed to make some little 3D printed stands to hold them up in the air. I would later Photoshop them to remove them from the scene. Also the T-shirt and poster board were not quite wide enough in certain areas to fill the scene so I used a little retouching to paint out some background. I tried to keep the digital manipulations to a minimum but there’s no way I could get around this without building a really complicated suspension system to hold the angels up in the air. It just wasn’t worth it.

Lighting Issues

I tried a variety of lighting scenarios. I like the way the figures look under flash photography. The highlights look really good and it makes the figures stand out against the background. The problem is that the figures then cast a shadow on the dark blue poster board which of course is unrealistic. This image is a flash photograph that shows the shadow problem and points out other areas digitally retouched.

Below is another image that attempts to eliminate the shadow problems by using an overhead light from the dining room chandelier. I also increased the distance from the angels to the poster board. However that created a scale issue for the size of the Bethlehem star. Also because the poster board has a slick surface I get a little bit of specular highlight from any kind of lighting depending on the angle.

I tried a variety of other room lighting including from my kitchen bar and natural light coming through the dining room windows. I tried using Photoshop to get rid of the shadows on the poster board. I tried evening out the background to get rid of the specular highlight by picking a color and doing a flood fill. None of the retouching looked right.

In the end I just decided that what I was creating was not really a photorealistic image depicting angels over the city of Bethlehem. What I was depicting was a photograph of a diorama of little plastic statues sitting in front of a cardboard background. I moved the angels very close to the poster board which minimized the shadows but does not eliminate them. I did minimal retouching to extend the floor as needed. I retouched to eliminate the angels supports. The final image is a flash photo. I adjusted the contrast to brighten the objects and darken the background.

The Final Image

Here is the final image as I sent it VistaPrint.com to be printed. The printed cards arrived the last week of November and I began working on the interior message which I would customize using my laser printer. Unfortunately life got in the way. On December 3 I had to be rushed to the hospital in respiratory distress. As of this writing on Christmas day I’m still the hospital and will not return home until sometime the middle of next week. At that point I plan to pick up the task of customizing the interior of the Christmas cards and mailing them to friends and family even though they won’t arrive until early January.

Here’s a comparison of that image side-by-side with the original 1995 rendering. Note that the aspect ratio is different because of the way they were ultimately printed. The original 1995 image was printed on one fourth of 8.5 x 11″ sheet of paper. The new image was created according to Vista Print landscape format folding holiday card specifications that comes out about 5 x 7″.

Overall it was a fun experiment in trying to drag the virtual world into the material world. I doubt that I will do it again for the Christmas card but I would like to see 3D printed versions of some of my other figures especially the 1997 Mary and Child. Who knows… Maybe someday I will 3D print an entire nativity scene.

Rendering and Animating the 2016 Rio Olympic Cauldron using POV-Ray

After watching the opening ceremonies of the 2016 Rio Summer Olympics, I became fascinated by the kinetics sculpture behind the Olympic flame cauldron. I thought about trying to make a 3-D printed version of it. However the shapes do not lend themselves to being 3-D printed on a flat bed. There would’ve been as many as 120 individual pieces to be printed and assembled. Instead I decided to just create a CGI rendering and animation. Click here to see the original cauldron from this video from NBC Sports that is used as reference material. My animated version of the object is illustrated explained is that YouTube video embedded below.

Reimagining a Classic: About This Year’s Christmas Card

This is a rather long-winded story behind the making of my 2015 computer rendered Christmas card.

I’m guessing it was 40 years ago there was a funny article in an old Mad Magazine titled “Rewriting Your Way to a PhD”. It showed a bunch of papers that a student had written starting with one in the first grade about “How I Spent My Summer Vacation”. He had visited his uncle on a pig farm and how the pigs had had funny eyes that stared at you and they stunk real bad. He then wrote a Jr-Hi book report that he somehow tied back into his experiences spending the summer on his uncle’s pig farm. It went on into a high school term paper and eventually his PhD thesis about how inner-city youth turned to crime because they never had the opportunity to visit their uncle’s pig farm on their summer vacation when they were little.

NOTE: After writing this blog, a Google search revealed this bootleg copy of the article. It was actually issue #158 from April 1973. My recollection of the PhD thesis was different but the gist of the article is as I described.

Throughout my life there have been experiences where I catch myself doing the same thing. It was a running joke with my mom with whom I shared that old story from Mad Magazine. Whenever she or I would repurpose something for a new use, one of us would say to the other “There we go rewriting our way to a PhD again”. She really loved that story.

One example of the continual rewrite is found in the creation of my computer rendered Christmas cards which I have made every year since 1995. My very first card featured a couple of angels hovering over the Town of Bethlehem with the Star shining down on the town. The figure of the Angel was based on the design of the Saint Gabriel church logo. In 1996 I reused the Angel as a Christmas ornament on a close up view of a Christmas tree with several ornaments hanging from it. Then I took the same basic design of the Angel, got rid of the wings and the trumpet, reshaped the arms, added an infant Jesus and a manger and came up with my “Mary with Child” card for 1997. Of the 20 different cards I’ve made over the years, many people told me that the 97 card was their favorite. I even did a different version of it to blow up 8 x 10 and gave them as gifts to a couple of people. I also have one hanging in my bedroom.

For reference here is a table of all 20 cards. You can click on each one to see it larger.


1995

1995

1995

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

The same basic style of somewhat abstract faceless figures has been reused in my cards many, many times. In 1998 we had the 3 Kings visiting. In 2001 I reused the 1997 scene but added Joseph to the mix. That same image was used as the cover of a CD of Christmas music created by some people at my church. The 2002 card featured shepherds and angels. In 2003 I got a little creative. I had Mary and Joseph arriving at the inn and being turned away by the innkeeper. I had to adjust the design for Mary to make her belly bulge because she had not yet delivered. You could see the empty stable in the background and the innkeeper was pointing towards it.

In 2005 which was the 10th anniversary card, I incorporated something from all of the previous cards into a nativity scene underneath the Christmas tree with presents, a piece of cake and a glass of milk for Santa. In 2009 I did an image that was really the prequel to the Christmas story. It depicted the Angel Gabriel announcing to Mary that she would be the mother of the Savior. It was loosely based on some wooden carvings from Saint Gabriel church. In 2010 I had just purchased a 3-D TV so I took the nativity scene pretty much the same as it had been in the 2005 card but I rendered it in 3-D and supplied a pair of cardboard red/blue 3-D glasses with each card. The 2011 card was clearly the most complicated design I ever made. It depicted a dining room table with a living room in the background featuring portions of previous cards and in the corner of the dining room in a china cabinet with the entire nativity scene.

Those are just the cards that reused the basic Angel or Mary figure design. The 2006 Christmas tree was reused several times. And it was based on an evergreen branch design from 1996. An image of a dove carrying an olive branch from 2004 was reused as a Christmas ornament in later cards. A Christmas stocking and a portion of a fireplace from 2007 was reused in a broader fireplace image with multiple stockings in 2008 and again in 2011. An image of reindeer from 2013 reappeared on top of my house in 2014. I could go on and on about the various pieces of one card that reappeared in later cards.

Despite the fact that I have been “Rewriting My Way to a PhD” every year for the past 20 years, I have always considered each new card a new design which simply incorporated elements from previous cards. Of course the challenge each year was to come up with something new and better. Sometimes I sort of copped out by doing something really simple like the fractal Christmas tree design from 2000 or the very simplistic dove from 2004. But most years I attempted to outdo myself each time.

Well fans… unfortunately the well has run completely dry. I am officially totally without a new idea. Last year’s card featured Olaf the snowman from the movie “Frozen” sitting in my front yard. Since I bought a 3-D printer for my birthday this year I thought about doing the same image of the front of my house with a giant 3-D printer turning raw snow into multiple snowmen. But most people don’t know what a 3-D printer looks like and it was just too much of an inside joke. I was afraid nobody would get it. I could’ve put a big sign on it saying “Snowman Printing 3-D Printer” but any joke you have to explain just isn’t worth it.
I started “leaking” the news to various friends and family that this year’s Christmas card was likely going to be a completely reissued copy of a previous card. The classic 1997 Mary with Child seem to be everybody’s favorite and I had hoped that bringing back a favorite would minimize any disappointment that there wasn’t something new and better. I told people I was considering touching it up a little bit. My sister Carol asked “Was there something that you wanted to do in 1997 that you couldn’t do because the computer wasn’t powerful enough? Technology has come a long way and you are making way more complex designs than you used to?” Indeed the software and hardware had significantly improved. There is no way I could’ve done some of the later cards using 1997 technology. But there really wasn’t that much that I could upgrade in the image from 97. Here’s a closer look at the card.

mary97

There was one part of that card that I didn’t particularly like. I was never completely satisfied with the stone wall in the background. I had used a technique where you basically create an image of the wall separately from the main image and then render it as a flat background behind your figures. Looking at it for the past 18 years I’ve often thought it looked just too fake. If I could change anything about that image I would’ve redone the wall. I didn’t want to spend too much time on this. It wasn’t just that I was out of ideas that brought me to this place. I also had so many other things going on that I didn’t have time to create something new from scratch. When I’m designing these cards have to put aside the whole day for several days where I can bury my head in the work and do nothing else. I just didn’t have the time to devote to it this year.

When Hollywood remakes a new movie that is basically a retread of an older film, they’ve stopped calling it a remake because that’s just too cheesy. Somewhere along the way they came up with the phrase “a reimagined version of the original”. So that’s what I was going to do. I was going to reimagine the 1997 card and I would start with that ugly stone wall.

Before I “reimagined” the stone wall, I realize I had already done some reimagining of the Mary figure. The computer model of the figure from 1997 was supposed to be just a one-time thing. But as I kept using the same basic design for other figures over the years I wanted to come up with a standardized body and a standardized way of manipulating the arms and the head when I attached them. I had forgotten that I had made some changes to the Mary figure after 97. When I put the original Mary into a scene such as the 3 Kings, she looked a little bit out of proportion. She was a little too short and too wide. I also modified her to be in a kneeling position for the 3 Kings image and as I did so, I completely redesigned the figure.

My rendering program POV-Ray has evolved over the years and I couldn’t even get 1997 code to render properly with the latest version of the program. So I tried to take the updated model and put it into my reimagined 1997 scene. It just didn’t look right. One of the dramatic parts of that original was the way her arms so fully envelop the infant. I never realized it but to get the right impact for that particular image, she needed to be out of proportion. There was one other difference I hadn’t noticed. I was used to looking at the 8 x 10 version of the image that has been hanging on my wall for years. But the original Christmas card was much taller and narrower.

mary8by10 mary97

In order to get it to look right for the wider 8 x 10 framed version, I had actually cheated. I just arbitrarily moved the Mary figure down a little bit to get it to fit in the frame properly. You couldn’t tell it because the floor was chopped off but if you look at a wider version of the 8 x 10 image here, the bottom edge of her robe is actually embedded in the floor.

no_feet

By lowering her to get it to fit the frame, it even added to the slightly disproportionate aspect of the image. But it was that disproportion version that I and my friends have been working for years and I wanted to get that back again. Rather than trying to get the updated model to look like the old one, it was easier to fix the old model so that it would render properly with the updated software. Basically I spent a day and a half trying to fix this and when I was done all I really had was my original image back again. It wasn’t until the second day that I actually got around to fixing the thing I wanted to fix… the wall.

An early version of that wall used a mathematical pattern known as a Voroni diagram. You take a random set of points in a flat plane and computes a series of irregular shaped polygons such that every point within the polygon is closer to its central point than to any of the other surrounding random points. The POV-Ray rendering program has a built-in Voroni which created shapes that were nicely random but they varied in size too much. It would end up looking like there were some very tiny bricks and some very huge bricks. Instead I spent a lot of time back in 97 coming up with my own design which simply started out with a hexagonal grid like a honeycomb. Then I randomly moved the corners a short distance to make the bricks look irregular. It’s not obvious that each of the bricks actually started out having six equal sides. It was better than the totally random Voroni version but I still didn’t like it. It was the best I could do at the time.

The 2009 card which featured the Annunciation included a new brick wall that I designed for the card. It consisted of long rectangular slabs of sandstone and was modeled after the exterior sandstone brick on Saint Gabriel church. I had tried to come up with a mathematical formula to randomly size slabs and assemble them into a wall but in the end I sort of did it manually picking the size and location of each individual block. If I had had to do that for the tall wall in this new image it would take a long time. Even if I had found a way to automatically lay the bricks, I wasn’t sure that this type of stone was appropriate for a stable behind an inn in biblical Bethlehem. It looks too modern.

It just so happens that I’ve been watching a lot of TV shows set in medieval times with lots of stone castles. Shows such as “The Last Kingdom” and “The Bastard Executioner” have some really nice castles. The patterns I saw were rectangular blocks that were to be about 6×10 inches laid in a uniform height row with a typical 50 percent overlap like a modern brick wall. They look a little bit like concrete blocks using construction today. However they were smaller and they were very rough cut without sharp edges like you would see on modern bricks or concrete blocks. While they seemed to be of roughly uniform height, there was some randomness to their length. I tried to introduce that randomness but then the 50 percent overlap would get out of phase further down the row and the bricks would no longer interlock. They would have long vertical seams of mortar. I finally came up with a formula that would adjust each brick length by a random amount and then readjust the next one back by the same random amount. Then the next one would be randomly fudged repeatedly. That way the overlap didn’t get too far out of phase.

Although I wasn’t able to re-create something that looked exactly like what was used in these TV shows, after a day or two of tinkering I did come up with a stone pattern that I liked. Here is what it looked like.

blank_wall2015

I could have quit right there but I noticed that there was a lot of empty space in the image. As I’ve mentioned a couple of times, I’m accustomed to looking at the 8 x 10 version and the objects in that version fill the frame more fully. The version from the card would be taller and we would not have Mary’s feet sticking through right for the floor. That left a lot of empty space. There just wasn’t enough going on considering the complexity of the images I’ve been making in recent years. Although I liked the new wall, there was too much of it. I should also note that even though this 2015 version was going to be tall and skinny, it was a slightly different shape than the 1997 original. Back then I was printing the cards myself on glossy card stock that was 8.5” x 11” folded in half. Also my printer would not print all the way to the end of the paper. The final image was printed 7.75” x 4.75”. However in recent years I’ve been getting the cards printed at VistaPrint.com. They claim that their cards are 5” x 7” but they actually trim them down from that size and you have to render them slightly larger than that size so that it prints beyond the edge. You have to give them something extra to trim off. The bottom line is I’m rendering these cards at 7.2833” x 4.7233”. In other words it’s 2185 x 1417 pixels which is a totally weird size.

In order to deal with the fact that there was too much wall, I came up with the idea of cutting the wall down to only go up halfway. Then I could put the Star of Bethlehem shining through and some other Bethlehem buildings in the background along with a starry night sky. The Bethlehem buildings have been around since the very first card in 1995 when they were rendered extremely small in the distance. But the 3 Kings version in 98 had been blown up bigger with the star in the background. By the way the star from 98 and this image were created much differently than they were in 95. The 1995 star was actually a physical object model. It was made out of cones and long thin cylinders to simulate the rays radiating from the center. The 1998 and current star were created by a piece of software called a “lens flare simulator” that had been around since 1998. Basically you tell it where the light source is, where your camera is, and then it puts up a transparent flat plane in front of your virtual camera and draws the star pattern on it with the lens flare rays radiating from it. It’s sort of like putting a piece of glass in front of your scene and drawing the star on the glass.

If I had felt like spending more time on the image, I would’ve redesigned the Bethlehem buildings. They were originally meant to be rendered very small in the distance so they don’t have any detail to them all. With them blown up this big, I probably should have updated them a little bit perhaps putting shutters on the windows or adding other details. This is what the image looked like at this point.

no_sheep

After putting all that work into the stone wall, it still felt like there was too much of it. If this was a stable, we needed animals. I’ve always wanted to do a cow or perhaps the donkey that Mary rode in on. But I wasn’t going to take on the job of creating a new animal from scratch when I was trying to get through this one as quickly as possible. I had sheep from previous cards. So I threw in a sheep.

With the wall only going halfway up, it made it look like they were outdoors standing in front of a wall rather than in a stable. So I put up some wooden beams which dated back to the 3 Kings image from 1998. Here is the final image.

final2015

Here is the 1995 image side-by-side with the 2015 version. Although I added a lot more to the image then hired to dissipated I would, I still think it’s a redo or reimagined version of the original and not a totally new image. But I like it and I hope you do too. Here are the two images side-by-side.

side_by_side

Because the new cards are a different shape, adding the wooden beam to the left does help fill up some space in the sheep, star, and buildings and a nice touch as well. Ironically after putting all that in, you can see very little of the new wall.

The final task was to compose something for the inside. I used to put the descriptions on the back cover and use the two inside pages for Scripture quotes. On the left panel I had put

“Therefore the Lord himself will give you this sign: the virgin shall be with child, and bear a son, and he shall be called Emmanuel – Isaiah 7:14”

On the right panel I had put

“For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, which is Christ the Lord. And this will be a sign for you: you will find an infant wrapped in swaddling clothes and lying in a manger”. And suddenly there was a multitude of the heavenly host with the angel, praising God and saying: “Glory to God in the highest and on earth peace to those on whom his favor rests.” – Luke 2:11-14

That particular quote was pertinent because it describes the manger and the swaddling clothes. I could have stopped at the manger because there were no angels in this image. This quote was more fitting to my 2002 card with the shepherds of the Angels because that is where this quote comes from. However the entire quote is what Linus read at the end of “A Charlie Brown Christmas”. Because of that connection I wanted to keep the entire quote. It is different because he was reading from the King James version but this is New American Standard translation.

Since I started having cards professionally printed, I use the inside left panel to describe the card and the process that I use. That only leaves the right panel so I dropped the Isaiah quote and stuck with the Luke scripture. I thought it was especially fitting since this is the 50th anniversary of “A Charlie Brown Christmas”.

To tie into that quote I originally had added my own message “May the peace of God’s favor rest on you this new year and always!” Looking at it in 2015 I realized it didn’t say Merry Christmas which of course these days is a mortal sin. You can have a Christmas card with the Virgin Mary, the infant Jesus, the Star of Bethlehem and Bethlehem itself (not to mention the sheep and a stable) but if you don’t say Merry freaking Christmas somebody was going to complain 🙂
So this year I rewrote it to say “May the peace of God’s favor rest on you this Christmas and throughout the new year!” It still doesn’t say “Merry” but these days I would wish more peace upon people and I think the merriment would take care of itself. I dropped the word “always” because I signed the cards for friends and family “Love always, Chris”. More distant acquaintances get a just plain “Chris”. Who knows I may not love them always. We will take it year by year on the rest of them 🙂

On the inside left panel I wrote a much briefer version of how and why the card was reimagined for this year. Among the things I noted was that the card has nearly 5 times as many objects in it and was rendered at a higher resolution (more pixels) but took way lesst time to complete. In the box below is the text that appears inside the card. But for now I’m wrapping up this blog entry and wishing you all a very Merry Christmas, peaceful and blessed New Year, may the force be with you, happy holidays, happy Hanukkah (or however it’s spelled) or just plain party on dude!

About This Card

In 1995 I began designing, computer modeling, and rendering Christmas cards to send to friends and family. Each year I came up with a new design. I usually reused some of the models from previous years but the design itself was always something new. Unfortunately after 20 years the well has run dry. This year I was completely out of ideas for a new card. I originally planned just to re-send my old 1997 card which is a favorite. Then several people suggested that I take an old card update it. So I did. The image of Mary, The Child, and the manger appear exactly as they did in 1997. I never liked plain stone wall behind them but it was the best I could do with 1997 technology. So I redesigned the wall this year. It is the only new element in this design. It still looked bland going all the way to the top so I only put it halfway. I then added the Star and wooden beams from my 1998 card, the background buildings from 1995, and sheep from 2002. The Scripture is the same one I used in 97. Linus quoted it in “A Charlie Brown Christmas” 50 years ago this year.

The Mary figure is made of fourth order quadric mathematical surfaces. The swaddling clothes are hyper complex julia fractal surfaces. The original design took me 5 days to design and I put 2 more days into this year’s update. The original image was rendered using POV-Ray 3.02 at 1150×700 pixels on a 200MHz Pentium Windows 95 PC. The original model had 6000 objects and took 16 hours to render. The new version contains over 29,000 objects and took just 71 minutes at 2185×1417 pixels on an Intel core i7 under Windows 10. Time sure have changed 🙂 Rendering was done using POV-Ray 3.61 software which I helped write. Visit my blog to learn more about my cards.

email: cy_borg5@cyborg5.com
blog http://graphics.cyborg5.com/
http://www.facebook.com/cyborg5
http//www.povray.org:
© 2015 Chris Young, All rights reserved.

Fairgrounds Coliseum Panorama January 2, 2015

Here is a panoramic picture stitched together out of six individual photographs taken by my sister Carol while we attended the hockey game at the Indiana Fairgrounds Coliseum on her birthday January 2, 2015. Click on the image to see it full-size.
Hockey_01_02_2015_small
Also here is a video we shot a really cool radio controlled blimp they have at the Coliseum. Also shows the panorama

Do you want to build a snowman? My 2014 Christmas Card

Each year I create a computer rendered Christmas card using the Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer POV-Ray. I often try to have the card reflect some things that have been going on in my life. For example in 2010 we got my first 3-D TV so I created a 3-D Christmas card. I included red/blue glasses with each one. Last year after working a lot with electronics I decided to put a blinking red LED on Rudolph’s nose as I outlined in my previous blog entry here.

One of the big events of 2014 was we had a break in at my house so the house was on my mind a lot. We lost that 46 inch 3-D HDTV that I just mentioned and my dad lost a couple of expensive wrist watches but other than that the only thing we lost was peace of mind. We gained a replacement TV and a new alarm system.

In other news… I’m a big fan of the TV show “Once upon a Time“. When I heard that they were going to do half the season based on the Disney film “Frozen“. I’m a huge fan of computer-animated films from Pixar, Disney, DreamWorks etc. however I have not seen “Frozen” because it just didn’t look that interesting. But with the new season of “Once upon a Time” based on the film, I took the time to watch it and became completely obsessed which is really embarrassing since I’m not a six-year-old kid, I’m a 59-year-old man.

While most of the kids who enjoy the film get obsessed with the song “Let It Go”, I couldn’t let go of “Do You Want to Build a Snowman?”. ABC ran a special about the making of “Frozen” and I was shocked to learn that “…Snowman” was almost cut from the movie! I’ve become so obsessed with the song that I’ve even taken to writing parodies of it such as this one.

Having already created Christmas trees (2006), reindeer (2013), and a little Santa Claus figure (2011) and a variety of interior Christmas scenes, it was time to put it all together in an outdoor Christmas scene featuring my house. Except for the main Christmas tree, the reindeer, and the Santa figure everything in this scene was newly created for this card such as the bushes, the small tree in my office window, Santa’s sleigh, and of course the entire house. The biggest challenge was to try to come up with a formula for isosurface objects that would realistically look like snow. The snow texture itself was tricky trying to get random sparkles.

One item of note is a little blue sign sitting in the yard just left of the snowman. That’s a sign for the Guardian Alarm Company.

Here is the final image. You can click on the images to enlarge.

card14

These two images show what the interior of the card looks like.

insidea
insideb

At some point I will do a more detailed description of how I created this and other cards.

Here is a link to a Facebook album showing all my previous cards.

Ornaments on a Tree 1996

A friend of mine once sent me a Christmas card that showed a can of peas being poured over a globe of the earth. The caption read “Peas on Earth”. This incredibly groan inducing pun was a partial inspiration for this particular image. Also I had obtained an image map that was a satellite view of the earth and so I thought wrapping that image around a sphere would make a nice Christmas ornament. Rather than being “Peas on Earth” or a traditional “Peace on Earth” I put “Peace on Earth” on the Earth.

The image also gave me the opportunity to try out some bump maps to give the ornaments some texture. And of course I wanted to reuse the Gabriel Angel which I thought made a nice ornament as well. Here is my 1996 card

My 1996 Christmas Card

The most difficult part of this image was designing the evergreen branches, positioning them, and positioning the ornaments hanging from them. One of the problems with computer modeled objects is that they have no solid substance to them. Objects can pass through one another even when you don’t want them to. Several early drafts had pine needles protruding into and back out of some of the ornaments. I had to fudge the position slightly. There still may be some needles sticking into the ornaments but it’s not as obvious a mistake unless they suddenly appear poking out the other side.

The silver bells were an interesting challenge. They are part of a cubic equation which is…

x2+y3+y2+z2 =1

One of the problems is that they have a highly reflective surface and there was nothing beside the camera or to either side of the image to reflect. It was just black void. Therefore the entire model was “encased” in a white box with a tan surface behind the image.

I did not actually model an entire Christmas tree in this image (although I would in future images). In 1996 even this small model was pushing the limits of what my computer can handle. There are actually six rows of branches and eight “columns” of branches. I said columns with quotation marks because they are actually arranged radially around a central axis. The images below show a real model at a wider angle and from different directions.

demo

Wide-Angle View

front

Front View

side

Side View

Top View

Top View

There were messages in both the upper and lower panels of the card as you opened it vertically. They read as follows…

Suddenly there appeared with the
angel a multitude of the heavenly hosts
praising God and saying,
Glory to God in the highest,
And on earth peace
on whom His favor rests”

Luke 2:13-14

Peace be with you.
May you have a very Merry Christmas
and a blessing New Year

On the backside of the card following explanation of how it was created.

This Christmas card was designed and created by Chris Young using POV-Ray 3.0 ray tracing software. No other computer modeling tools were used except a text editor. The model contains over 20,000 objects and consume 15.9 meg of memory while rendering for 7 hours, 28 minutes, 43 seconds on a 100 mhz Pentium. The Angel is a 3-D realization loosely based on a Joanne Austell line drawing which is the logo St. Gabriel Catholic Church, Indianapolis.
Copyright © 1996 Chris Young – All Rights Reserved
email: 76702.1655@compuserve.com

http://www.iquest.net/~cyoung

Note that the email address I gave was an old CompuServe email address and my webpage was with local ISP iQuest.net which was the first Internet provider I ever used. That account and page are no longer active of course.

The previous card had a message on the back but it did not say what kind of computer rendered it or how long it took. This one notes that it was a 100 MHz Pentium and I presume that the 1995 card was rendered on the same PC.

The original card was printed on plane card stock not glossy. I cut the stock so that the folded card was 4″ x 6″. In those days you couldn’t buy greeting card stock with envelopes. In order to get greeting card size envelopes I went out and purchased the cheapest ugliest Christmas cards I could find. I threw away the cards and used the 4 x 6 envelopes. The image itself had a quarter inch margin all around making it 3.5″ x 5.5″. Assuming I rendered it at 300 dpi, which was typical in those days, it came out 1050 x 1650. I re-rendered the image using my current Intel i7 quad core under Windows 7 and it ran in just 10 minutes 24 seconds compared to 7 hours 28 minutes on that old computer. On the new machine I cranked it up to 600 dpi which is 2100 x 3300 and it only took 31 minutes: 38 seconds. The speed difference is really amazing.

The image that is uploaded here is a modern rendering. There must’ve been some minor changes in the way POV-Ray handles the halo feature because the halo on the angel is much dimmer than it was on the original image. I haven’t bothered to readjust the source file so the halo comes in brighter and more solid.

In our next installment we will display what is arguably my most beloved image.

My Fascination with Graphics

Featured

When I first got involved with computers, one of the things that most intrigued me was the use of computers to generate art. Having very little physical ability and eventually losing the use of my hands completely, traditional artistic media were beyond my grasp. But like many aspects of my life, technology comes to the rescue and allows me to do things that would not otherwise be able to do. Computer graphics gives me the opportunity to express myself artistically despite my severe disability.

In the late 1980s I got involved with an online project called the Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer or POV-Ray for short. I began contributing code to this open-source freeware program that allows you to create photorealistic images using nothing but a text language and a lot of computing power. Eventually I became the team manager for the POV-Team and even published two editions of the book entitled “Ray-Tracing Creations” which sold several thousand copies but is long out of print.

In 1995 I created my first Christmas card using my ray-traced computer-generated artwork. I’ve created a new image every year since then as well as used ray tracing for other graphics projects. In this blog I plan to share my images as well as explanations of how my artwork is created. Some of it will be articles about how they were created and others will be video demonstrations.